BSE 111 - KC3: The Tactical Layers: FRS/GMRS & Citizens Band - Foundation for Infrastructure Resilience

What are the Layer 1 equipment quantities per consolidation point?

A minimum of 20 Family Radio Service (FRS)/General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS) handhelds plus one GMRS mobile base station with an external antenna

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Two handhelds per consolidation point, held by leadership only

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One base station and no handhelds, since fixed stations are more reliable

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Fifty handhelds per household

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What is the minimum standardized Layer 1 channel plan?

Two channels: day operations and night operations

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Four channels: Channel 1 Watch/Security, Channel 2 Gate/Medical, Channel 3 Governance/Logistics, Channel 4 Emergency

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One channel for everything, to keep training simple

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Twenty-two channels, one per federal frequency, all monitored continuously

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What does the General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS) license buy, and what does it cost?

Nothing; GMRS was deregulated and needs no license

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A commercial broadcast authorization

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A family license – one license covers family members – permitting up to 50 watts and repeater use; the fee is $35 as of this writing, a dated fact to re-verify

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An individual exam-based license at $500 per operator

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What are the Family Radio Service (FRS) operating parameters?

A commercial license at 100 watts

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An amateur Technician license at 5 watts

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No license at 50 watts on any channel

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No license required, at 0.5 watts – the no-training-required floor of the tactical tier

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What is Layer 2, and what are its parameters?

Citizens Band (CB) radio – 27 megahertz amplitude modulation, no license, 4 watts – covering the neighborhood-to-consolidation-point and convoy band at 1-15 miles

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A licensed microwave point-to-point link between buildings

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Marine VHF radio repurposed for land use

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A satellite messaging service

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Why does the architecture deliberately pair FRS/GMRS with CB rather than standardizing on one?

Because CB reaches satellites and FRS does not

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Frequency diversity – they occupy different bands, so if one band is jammed or overloaded the other still works, and operators train to shift bands on command

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Because CB radios are cheaper and FRS radios are more prestigious

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Because federal rules prohibit a community from using only one service

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What are the two nationally recognized Citizens Band channel conventions?

There are no channel conventions on Citizens Band

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Channel 9 for music and Channel 19 for government use only

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Channel 9 is the recognized emergency channel and Channel 19 is the recognized traffic and convoy channel

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Channel 1 for emergencies and Channel 40 for weather

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When are the tactical radios programmed, charged, and distributed?

After the event, once actual needs are known

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Never distributed; they remain locked at the emergency operations center

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Only during announced exercises

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Before the event – pre-programmed with the standardized channel plan, charged, and stored at each facility, so activation is distribution rather than configuration

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A water treatment plant needs a permanent, private link between its control room and a remote pump house. Which tactical option fits best?

Hand-cranked military-style field telephones connected by their own wire line – no license, no signal to jam or overhear from a distance, powered by the crank and common batteries

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A pair of High Frequency stations with directional antennas

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The commercial telephone network, which is assumed to survive

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A daily runner carrying written readings between the two buildings

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Why does the framework note that Citizens Band is the most widely owned radio platform in rural and suburban America?

Because ownership statistics determine license fees

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Because pre-existing household and vehicle CB units are architecture the community already owns – the survey counts them and the plan puts them on the community channel

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As trivia with no planning consequence

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To recommend replacing them all with amateur equipment

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BSE 111 – KC3: The Tactical Layers: FRS/GMRS & Citizens Band

BSE 111 – KC3: The Tactical Layers: FRS/GMRS & Citizens Band

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